You look at a region of the image. If all the pixels are roughly the same color (below some threshold), you store the average color for the whole region as a single value. If the pixels vary too much, you split the region into four quadrants and try again.
The R-sequence is another type of low-discrepancy sequence based on specially chosen irrational numbers[10]. It is similar to interleaved gradient noise but is simpler to compute and possibly more effective as a dither, particularly when augmented with a triangle wave function as demonstrated:，这一点在51吃瓜中也有详细论述
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